The vertebra bisected by the center sacral line (a vertical line extending cephalad from the center of the sacrum and through the S1 spinous process) is known as the:
Which of the following is not a risk factor for curve progression in skeletally immature patients with idiopathic scoliosis?
Diabetes with an elevated blood sugar greater than 150 mL/dL will decrease scan sensitivity in which of the following:
Demonstration of a pseudoarthrosis following a spinal fusion would be best by:
A phenomenon that occurs when the distribution of disease is so widespread and uniformly distributed that the technetium scan is incorrectly interpreted as negative is known as a:
The most common primary malignant spinal tumor in adults between 50-60 years, would be:
An explanation why Chordomas are central in location, would be:
Chordomas are managed best by:
What is the most common cervical spine injury in children?
At what spinal level do thoracic disc herniations most commonly occur?
A significant difference between ankylosing spondylitis and Forestiers disease (DISH) would be:
The stem, where bone ongrowth occurs on the stem of a prosthesis would be:
Proximally coated stems were designed to:
In irradiated hips, requiring a Total Hip Arthroplasty, the best stem fixation, would be, with the use of a:
Which of the following is not included in the third generation phase of cementation, of the stem, in a total hip arthroplasty:
A flexible cemented stem is most likely associated with which of the following:
On using a cemented stem, what should be the optimal thickness of the cement mantle throughout be:
Which of the following, is most likely to result in fibrous ingrowth in a porous coated stem:
The unique articulation at C1-C2 is well-suited for allowing what motion?
What is the major component of the nucleus pulposus in a teenager?
A 53 yr. old man presents to the ED w/ severe back pain after a fall from his roof. The radiograph shown is his only injury. The AP view demonstrates an ileus but is otherwise unremarkable. He is hemodynamically stable and neurologically normal. You should recommend:
Flexion-distraction injuries of the thoracolumbar spine are most frequently associated with injury to what organ system?
A 41 yr-old man is admitted w/ a lumbar spine injury as seen. He has urinary retention, 3/5 weakness of his quadriceps and 2/5 weakness of his ankle motors. No improvement is seen after 24 hrs. Appropriate treatment would include:
In a retroperitoneal approach to the lumbar spine, what structure runs along the medial aspect of the psoas along the lateral border of the spine?
What region of the spine is most susceptible to changes in the vascular supply to the spinal cord during an anterior approach?
A 60-year-old woman with rheumatoid arthritis has atlanto-axial instability. What MRI findings would suggest the need for occipito-cervical fusion?
A 60-year-old woman with rheumatoid arthritis presents with worsening neck pain. She is neurologically normal. Flexion/extension radiographs demonstrate motion of C1 on C2. In flexion she has an anterior ADI of 8 mm and a posterior ADI of 13 mm. You should recommend:
An otherwise healthy 70-year-old man has back and bilateral leg pain in an L5 distribution that is aggravated by standing more than 10 minutes or walking more than 1 block. He has to sit to get relief. Neurologic and pulse examinations are normal. A radiograph and MRI scan are shown. Treatment should consist of:
-[ ] In the surgical treatment of thoracic disk herniations, which approach has the highest reported rate of neurologic complications:
A 30-year-old man relates a 3-day history of severe, incapacitating lower back pain with radiation into the right buttock. He reports some relief with rest. He denies any history of trauma, has no constitutional symptoms, and his neurologic examination is normal. What is the best course of action?
A 39-year-old man reports low back pain, bilateral posterior thigh numbness, and difficulty with urination 1 day after hurting his back working in his yard. He is able to walk but is in pain. A straight leg raise results in increased back pain, and examination reveals that perianal sensation is decreased. Placement of a urinary catheter results in 500 mL of urine. What is the next most appropriate step in management?
What is the most common complication following total disk arthroplasty in the lumbar spine?
If a 75 year-old man, with no prior history of back or leg pain, were to undergo an MRI of the lumbar spine, what is the chance that the study would demonstrate disc degeneration and/or bulging?
If a laminectomy for spinal stenosis is performed, which of the following is most widely accepted as an indication for concomitant arthrodesis at that level?
A pedicle screw can be inserted in the cervical spine at which of the following levels:
A long bone which does not lie along the long axis of the body would be:
A long bone which does not have a medullary cavity in the human body would be:
The first bone to ossify during embryonic development would be:
A 20 years old girl presents to your clinic with a lytic lesion located in the epiphyseal metaphyseal region of the distal femur, having had a biopsy that revealed a field of monocyte like and spindle cells. Interspersed among these cells are numerous giant cells. The most likely diagnosis would be a:
A Chondroblastoma may be confused most, radiologically, with which of the following tumors:
A Giant cell tumor of bone can co-exist with which of the following lesions:
Which of the following lesions is known to give the “Donut sign” on scintigraphy:
Which of the following demonstrates best a talocalcaneal bar:
The “finger escape sign” is a test used most commonly in patients with:
Which of the following primary tumors of the bony spine responds poorly to both radiation and chemotherapy:
The dural sac ends usually at:
The outer portion of the annulus fibrosus is composed mostly of which type of Collagen?
A 20 year old male presents to the ER claiming to have sustained an vertical axial compression injury to the vertex of the head. An antero-posterior view of the upper cervical spine, reveals an overhang of the lateral masses of the atlas on the axis. Your diagnosis would be:
In the sketch below, what would be the proper name for this type of fracture:
The most common fracture of the spine in children, would be:
