Arab Orthopaedic Board MCQs - Part 12

Which of the following statements regarding platelet-derived growth factor is most true?

Which nerve is at greatest risk of injury when an anterolateral portal is being established for arthroscopic surgery of the elbow?

Bisphosphonate therapy has been shown to be beneficial in the management of all of the following skeletal conditions except:

With regard to the development and prognosis of spondylolisthesis, the term “pelvic incidence” is defined as:

A seventy-year-old patient who is generally healthy is scheduled to have a total hip replacement next week. The patient and his family want to know what to expect in terms of short-term and longer-term mortality. You should tell them that, compared with patients of the same age who do not have hip replacement, patients who have hip replacement have:

The anticoagulant effect of the synthetic pentasaccharide fondaparinux occurs by which of the following mechanisms?

A group of surgeons is asked to classify a group of thoracolumbar fractures with the Denis system and the AO (Magerl) scheme to test the schemes’ interobserver reliability. Three months later, they are given the same radiographs in a different order to test intraobserver repeatability. The expected results are:

Which of the following is the least common type of peroneal tendon tear?

The etiology of fibrous dysplasia has been linked to:

Which of the following statements regarding the indications for rotator cuff surgery is true?

As the disc degeneration proceeds, hypermobility of the segment can result in instability or degenerative arthritic changes or both. Hypertrophic changes are predominantly in the cervical spine at:

Hypertrophic spurring anteriorly in the cervical spine can result in which of the following conditions:

Which of the following substances is not involved in the biochemistry of disc degeneration:

When a cervical disc is punctured anteriorly for the purpose of discography pain is noted in the:

Rupture of the C4-5 disc with compression of the C5 nerve root should result in weakness of the:

Rupture of the C5-6 disc with compression of the C6 root would result in:

Rupture of the C5-6 disc with compression of the C6 root would result in:

Rupture between C7 and T1 disc with compression of the C8 nerve root results in no reflex changes and could lead to weakness in which of the following muscles:

When the index finger is the predominant digit with sensory change, with evidence of hypalgesia is consistent with compression of which of the following cervical nerves:

If with shoulder abduction and elbow flexion while placing the hand on the top of the head, is allowed to persist for a minute or two, causing pain to be increased in the involved extremity, in a patient with cervical spondylosis, should rule out most which of following conditions:

On distracting the cervical spine in the neutral position, can relieve root compression pain, but also can increase pain caused by:

A Hoffman’s sign when present is typical of a:

An inverted radial nerve reflex when present, is typical of which of the following area of compression:

In patients (age 35 Years) with persistent neck pain without localized neurological findings, what additional test besides MRI, CT & Myelogrphy (all being normal) could be used to help in localizing the cause:

Which structure could be most injured by using a right sided anterior approach of the cervical spine:

Which structure could be most injured by using a left sided anterior approach of the cervical spine:

Isthmic spondylolisthesis is believed to be caused by which of the following mechanisms:

Which of the following conditions is most associated with isthmic spondylolisthesis:

High-grade spondylolisthesis has been associated with:

All the following comply to the progression of spondylolisthesis except:

The most common identifiable cause of back pain in a child is:

A high grade spondylolisthesis is associated most with:

A heart-shaped buttocks is most associated with a:

The most likely finding on physical examination of a patient with spondylolisthesis, would be:

The gait of a child diagnosed to have a high grade spondylolisthesis, would be, a:

Which of the following conditions is least associated with scoliosis:

Oblique lumbar views highlight the "Scotty dog." Which of the following does not fit with the description of the contents of the Scotty dog:

The slip angle is:

The sacral inclination is:

The pelvic incidence is:

Single-Photon-Emission Computed Tomography is beneficial to a patient with spondylolisthesis. This is includes all except:

Which of the following investigations is most useful to evaluate an atypical presentation, including pre-lysis of the pars interarticularis:

Which of the following provides the best information on the healing potential of a pars defect:

The key role of spinal orthotics in the treatment of spondylolysis is:

One of the major risks of an anterior interbody fusion of the lumbar spine, would be:

Long-tract clinical findings in the upper and lower extremities arising from involvement of the spinal cord by the spondylotic changes in the cervical spinal column is known as: a. cervical radiculopathy b. Cervical myelopathy c. Syrinx d. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis e. Multiple sclerosis

Low levels of high-energy phosphates such as adenosine triphosphate, adenosine diphosphate, and phosphoryl creatine have been found in trapezius muscles of patients with:

The biomechanical changes that occur with age result in a degenerative cascade. These include all, except:

Patients who have cervical myelopathy with <40% compression are likely to have additional factors. Thes include all except:

The normal anteroposterior diameter of the subaxial spine in normal adults measures: